(THEORY) Sakumo's failed mission was providing support for Uzu
We know that Sakumo committed seppuku after failing a mission of great importance, but it is never stated what the mission was.
From Narutopedia: Sakumo and his team were sent on a mission of great importance to Konoha. When his team-mates' lives were endangered, Sakumo chose to abandon the mission in order to save them. The impact of the mission's failure caused Sakumo to be vilified by the Land of Fire, the villagers of Konoha, and even those he had saved.
I have a theory. What if the failed mission was providing backup for Uzu when they got attacked? Think about. We don't know when Uzu was attacked, but it had to be some time after the second war since Konoha flask jackets didn't have the Uzumaki spiral on them during the second war. In addition, Sakumo made his name during the second war. He wouldn't be vilified like he was if he was a no-name, and he made a name for himself after the second war.
So, Konoha got word that Uzu was going to be attacked and sent a team/squad/platoon/etc led by Sakumo to provide backup. Something happens to his teammates, so he abandons the mission to save them, leaving Uzu to fend for themselves. The loss of their biggest ally leads to Sakumo being vilified and later he commits seppuku.
What do you guys think?